May 31, 2005
Smart Cameras in LA's Fashion District
From NBC 4:
Authorities are unveiling a system of surveillance cameras installed in the Fashion District in downtown Los Angeles and paid for by the Motion Picture Association of America. The MPAA donated $186,000 for the purchase and installation of 10 cameras, equipped with "intelligent software, which helps identify human movement," according to the LAPD. Officers will monitor the surveillance cameras from the LAPD Central Station and respond to suspicious activity, police said. This is the third area of the city to be covered by surveillance cameras, installed earlier in MacArthur Park and along Hollywood Boulevard.
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May 26, 2005
Research from Up North
The Globe and Mail: Watching you, watching me:
An overview of some research by Dr. Vertegaal at the Human Media Laboratory at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario. One commercial spinoff is the eyeBox by Xuluk:
The company's first product is the $799 (U.S.) eyeBox, a USB digital camera that senses when people are looking at it, and that can be used to control programs through head and eye movements. It also plans to bring eye-contact sensors to market that can be stuck to an object to detect whether someone is looking at it. Dr. Vertegaal says potential uses include psychological experiments or safety provisions, such as ensuring a machine is being monitored or a driver is alert.
The device could have other uses too, such as recording the interaction between people -- say, a police officer's contact with citizens or suspects. And Dr. Vertegaal is talking to researchers about using the eyeBlog to help treat autism, a developmental disorder affecting social interaction and communication. People with autism have difficulty making eye contact with others, he says, and an eyeBlog could track their ability to do so.
The eyeBlog is just one of the projects under way at the Human Media Lab. In another project called the Attentive Cubicle, an overhead camera observes the movements of people sitting in adjoining cubicles. If both turn to face the partition that divides the cubicles, the normally opaque divider becomes transparent (it uses privacy glass, based on liquid-crystal technology) and their headsets shut off to allow them to talk. "You could say," Dr. Vertegaal says, "we're trying to develop more sociable computers."
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May 24, 2005
X-Ray Machines & TSA, an Update
The NYTimes now covers the story:
The Times story has lots of gory details:
"Well, you'll see basically everything," said Bill Scannell, a privacy advocate and technology consultant. "It shows nipples. It shows the clear outline of genitals."
Thwarting body-scanning technology would be simple, he argues. Because of concerns about radiation, body scanners are designed not to penetrate the skin. All that's needed is someone heavily overweight to go through the system, he said. I won't quote him directly on the details; suffice it to say he posits that a weapon or explosives pack could be tucked into flabby body folds that won't be penetrated by the scanner.
However, the paper does not mention that TSA is aware of the security risks and there are software strategies for minimizing this as I noted in my earlier post.
Updated with picture from CNet
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May 23, 2005
Counterterror grants fund city cameras
From the Wash Times
A story on the role of federal grants for city surveillance cameras.
New York City has the largest and oldest system, with more than 7,000 public and private surveillance cameras. Baltimore, Chicago and New Orleans are installing camera surveillance networks with federal homeland security dollars.
Chicago financed its 2,250 cameras with a $5.1 million grant and is adding more cameras over the next two years with another $48 million first-responder grant. The cameras, which cost up to $60,000 each, are controlled remotely by police to zoom and rotate, and are equipped with night vision.
In 2004, homeland security funds bought $193 million worth of surveillance cameras. Similar "physical security enhancement equipment" for large cities is to be used primarily for ports, said Homeland Security Department spokesman Marc Short. "I can't imagine a more logical expenditure of funds," he said.
Maryland is spending $1.3 million in federal grants for a camera system that will expand to Anne Arundel, Carroll, Harford and Howard counties. Washington has a camera system, but it is turned on only for major events or during emergencies, said Melissa Ngo, staff counsel for the Electronic Privacy Information Center.
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May 22, 2005
Surveillance Camera Blur/Blind-Spots
From Public Eye:
A story on a new police headquarters on CT from The Hour Online:
Under the surveillance system, virtually every square inch of the roughly 60,000 square-foot building is monitored, except bathrooms, showers and private offices. Cameras in prison cells have a special feature that blurs out the area where prisoners use toilets.
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May 20, 2005
Smart Cameras in Philly
From Philadelphia's WPVI.com: Smart Cameras:
I haven't looked at the video yet (its Friday night), but I think
they will show a demo of the smart cameras in operation.
A few weeks back, Philadelphia police started testing so-called smart cameras. They wanted to know. Deputy Commissioner Charles Brennan/PHILADELPHIA: "Is the camera smart enough to alert us if something goes wrong? IBM said, 'You know what it may be.'"
With the help of those experts from IBM and a couple of actors, Action News re-created one of the city's most notorious unsolved crimes, only this time a camera was keeping an eye on the area where a female jogger was pulled off the path as the suspect tried to sexually assault her. We watched the re-enactment on a P-C miles away at police headquarters.
The smart camera is programmed to alert police to suspicious activity along the jogging trail. The programmer highlighted the danger zone. As our actor grabbed the woman, an alarm sounded and the computer instantly saved the video of what happened seconds before and several seconds after. Peter Toro/Network Architect: "The instant they hit this zone. It'll cause a trigger. So let's see what happens. There you go, okay."
Behind the art museum, a similar camera is at work. Only that camera alerts police and starts recording when someone stands near a car for too long. It's an attempt to try and catch people breaking into cars. No one has to watch the monitor 24/7. The camera signals the alert and saves the video on its own.
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Talon ANPR at LA Airport
Appian Technology's Talon ANPR will be used at the LA Airport according to SecurityPark.net. The contract involves:
The Talon ANPR system will be used to monitor and control vehicle movements in restricted areas at the extensive LAX complex. The system will comprise of multiple number plate readers (known as I STAR) scanning eight traffic lanes. A central processing computer will then cross reference recognised license plates against an authorised vehicle database. When unauthorised vehicles are detected the Talon system will generate an alarm which automatically alerts police and security staff.
According to Appian's web site, Talon uses a neural network recognition engine instead of a template based Optical Character recognition system. This results in greater accuracy, other features:
High accuracy - typical performance in excess of 97%
High speed vehicle plate recognition - in excess of 195 kph
24 hour/365 day 'all weather' capability
International number plate reading capability
Automatic positive database matching and system alarms
Operates on any industry standard PC platform
Vehicle and Number Plate Image Output and Archiving
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May 19, 2005
Is your boss watching you?
From silicon.com:
Here are the results of a study by the the American Management Association and the ePolicy Institute. Part of the study examines the role of video surveillance in the workplace:
Fifty-one per cent of the companies surveyed use video monitoring to counter theft, violence and sabotage, up from 33 per cent in 2001. "The number of companies that use video surveillance to track employees' on-the-job performance has also increased," the report said, "with 10 per cent now videotaping selected job categories and six per cent videotaping all employees." Among companies that videotape workers, 85 per cent notify employees of the practice, the report said.
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X-Ray Machines & TSA
From White Rose:
A story in USA Today about a new camera using backscattering which reveals a person's nude body, see picture below. It should be made very clear that TSA knows of the privacy risks with backscattering Xrays. It also knows how to use software to address the privacy concerns. Examples of software techniques include:
Color enhancement of threats
Image obfuscation
Magnifying and clarify threats
Threats positioned on 3-D animated model
Threats positioned on 2-D “stick figure”
Outline Extraction
Feature Extraction
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May 18, 2005
Mapping Chicago's crime on the Web
From Smart Mobs:
The City of Chicago now has a free browsable database of crimes reported in Chicago. With RSS feeds for every policy beat and every city block! It even uses Google as a mapping interface.
Wow!
This is a great example of how IT can be enabling for citizens while serving to increase transparency of the government. However, note that while the data comes from the Chicago police, the web page is run by an individual, Adrian Holovaty, and the information he uses is there because of the Citizen ICAM. Essentially this data arose out of a project for the police officers, which they later made publicly accessible.
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Huberman Out!
From Sun-Times:
Mayor Daley is replacing his chief of staff with Ron Huberman. The squeaky clean Huberman is coming onboard as investigations proceed into corruption at city hall.
This is a big deal for the Chicago camera project. Huberman is the IT wizard of the OEMC and was just profiled by Wired, see post. As chief of staff, Huberman will not have the time to carefully tend to the camera project. Hopefully, there are others within the OEMC that can ensure this project is as successful as their other projects. The story noted there is no word on Huberman's replacement.
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May 17, 2005
Manpower for Conventional Surveillance
From KHON2:
Chinatown in Honolulu has 26 cameras. The surveillance system is suppose to be run by volunteers. But as the story reveals, manpower is not easily found (they need 10 volunteers):
Uehara says a tough screening process is necessary. He recalls an applicant who was recognized by a fellow officer. "We made a warrant check on him using the computers right there," Uehara said. "He had a $10,000 warrant, so I had to tell him sorry, you can't volunteer, but you're getting arrested for that $10,000 warrant."
Uehara is aware of the potential for misuse. "They can tell their partner, hey you better watch out and not do something because the camera can pick you up on this street or that street," he said.
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Chicago Housing Authority to buy 24 gunshot detection cameras
From the Chicago Sun-Times:
Twenty-four police surveillance cameras will go up at CHA developments under a $1.1 million proposal expected to pass the Chicago Housing Authority board today. There are 39 cameras attached to utility poles around the city now.
he video recorders are housed in bulletproof, rectangular, blue-and-white boxes, with a blue flashing light on top. They're called Police Operation Disruption devices, or PODs. They were first introduced in 2003. If a shot is fired nearby, the camera immediately turns toward it, follows the shooter and automatically calls 911.
Under the proposed deal, CHA will pay Huberman's agency up to $1.1 million over five years to install, maintain and monitor the PODs.
Here is a picture of the cameras for the curious:
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May 12, 2005
Earcams Listen to the Sound of Violence
From CoCo: Earcams Listen to the Sound of Violence:
Camera's are getting ears: in the Dutch city Groningen surveillance camera's are equipped with sound detection technology to detect sounds of violence. The company behind the technology, Sound Intelligence, says:
Our technology is inspired by the human auditory system and allows the detection and classification of all kinds of sound sources in arbitrary noisy acoustic environments.
A news item on Dutch television reported today that Groningen has been experimenting with the technology in the city's center without the knowledge of the Dutch privacy watchdog, or the public for that matter.
Groningen's mayor and those who designed the "earcams" point out that the sound surveillance merely picks up sounds of violence, points the camera towards the source of this sound and does not record anything.
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ObjectVideo Awarded $3.2 Million from HSARPA
From ObjectVideo Press Release
Homeland Security Advanced Research Project Agency (HSARPA) awarded ObjectVideo two contracts of the four available for studying "Automated Scene Understanding". The grants, according to the press release, seek to move beyond current technology which monitors an "area of interest" to a:
system recognizes specific mobile assets, understands what rules apply to them, and automatically adjusts to protect them, no matter where they appear. It does all of this without a systems operator intervening.
More detail can be found in the HSARPA proposer information
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May 11, 2005
NSF Funding of Sensor Camera Networks
The NY Times has a story on the role of sensor networks for environmental studies. The work is largely funded by the National Science Foundation.
U.C.L.A. Center for Embedded Network Sensing on the forest project, which is in its third year. The James Reserve, some 90 miles southeast of Los Angeles on a mountain flank that is home to 1,500 species of plants and animals, including the yellow-legged frog and willow flycatcher, now bristles with enough monitoring gear to make it one of the world's most advanced tests of ecologic networking. Wireless motes, cameras and other sensors track the nesting habits of birds, the life cycles of moss and the carbon dioxide uptake of various soils. Robots move along wires strung from tree to tree, lowering sensors to take temperature, humidity and light-level readings at different levels.
Thousands of miles away, scientists are starting a similar effort - but wet. They are designing floating robots, wireless sensors and distributed computers in an effort to better understand and improve the water quality of the Hudson River. The project, known as RiverNet, is to use roughly two dozen instruments in all. Financed by the science foundation, it seeks to track fertilizer runoff from farms, heat from power plants, growth of algae and pollutants like polychlorinated biphenyls.
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May 10, 2005
Baltimore's Camera Network
From The Washington Times:
A short overview of the camera system for Baltimore:
The new cameras, which are monitored at the City Watch Center, cover a 40-square-block area on the city's West Side, home to light-rail and Amtrak lines, government buildings and cultural attractions, such as the recently refurbished Hippodrome Theater.
Baltimore's West Side cameras are part of a comprehensive homeland-security plan paid for with $2.75 million of federal urban area security grants. The surveillance network is designed to thwart terrorists and coordinate emergency response to terrorist strikes, but Baltimore officials say the cameras also will deter crime in an often dangerous part of town now on the cusp of a renaissance.
The West Side cameras one day will be linked with ones already keeping an eye on Baltimore's Inner Harbor, Oriole Park at Camden Yards and the University of Maryland campus. Eventually, the cameras will be tied into a regional network also covering Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Carroll, Harford and Howard counties and will include cameras monitoring highway traffic across the state.
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Common Sense and Privacy
KnoxNews: Traffic:
A story on the traffic monitoring system for Knoxville provides some clear insights into handling law enforcement and privacy issues with traffic cameras.
Despite the plethora of cameras that can be swung around 360 degrees, TDOT officials emphasize they are not spying on motorists and will not use the system for law enforcement. Dahlinger said TDOT doesn't record the camera images. "We don't record anything because, if we did, we'd be bombarded with requests from attorneys for videos of crashes," he said.
Knoxville also has a policy on personal or corporate messages on traffic message boards. "It can't be bought"
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May 09, 2005
Spycam Force
Wired on Chicago's IT. The story has a few nuggets, but generally provides an entertaining read on the role of IT in Chicago's police department (with good background on Ron Huberman).
The story mentions that the police will depend upon Verizon's high-speed cellular network to connect to officers in patrol cars.
How Oracle contributed 20 million in time, software, and hardware to get Clear running. Clear (Citizen Law Enforcement Analysis and Reporting) is an IT system connecting several databases to make it easy for officers to find relevant information.
It notes the price of the camera project, Chicago is putting up $5 million, Homeland Security $34 million, and $3.5 million from seizures for gunshot cameras.
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May 06, 2005
Passenger Cars and Cameras
From Globe and Mail:
A story on the role of cameras in passenger cars. For example, how U.S. safety regulations are pushing manufacturers to use cameras to judge whether to deploy an airbag depending on the size of the passenger (e.g., adult or child). The article notes that camera systems will face competition from radar systems. Radar is better at determining distances, while cameras are better at identifying objects.
The article covers how Nissan is adopting smart cameras in its cars:
Nissan's system -- part of options packages that start at about $5,000 -- has a tiny camera that watches the road, and an on-board computer that analyzes the car's position and how quickly it is approaching the dividing line, explains Ian Forsyth, director of marketing at Nissan Canada in Toronto. The warning works at speeds above 70 kilometres an hour, and not if the turn signal is on. It's meant for highway cruising -- the driver can deactivate the camera on a winding road, for example, where tight curves could confuse it. It's available in the Infiniti FX and M models
Nissan's latest back-up camera for its Infiniti M uses multiple cameras and projects the path the car will follow. The system uses red, yellow and green to indicate the danger of hitting an obstacle, making manoeuvres such as parallel parking easier. A more elaborate system the company showed off earlier this year, the Around View Monitor, shows what's surrounding the car. A computer combines images from cameras on all sides of the car to create a bird's-eye view that shows the vehicle and surrounding objects from above, displaying it on a dashboard screen.
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Cameras and Intelligent Transportation Systems
Links from David Fletcher's blog:
In Salt Lake city, their new Advanced Management Traffic System (ATMS) in 2000:
the ATMS provides instrumentation on 70 miles (112 km) of area freeways. The system includes closed circuit TV (CCTV) camera coverage every 3,300 ft (1,000 m), traffic monitoring systems that entail embedded loop detectors and microloops approximately every 2,640 ft (800 m), 31 variable message signs (VMS) located on the freeway, four weigh-in-motion stations on the I-15 corridor, seven roadway weather information stations (RWIS), and a fully redundant, self-healing fiber optic backbone communications system. (Link from Jan 2000)
Commonly referred to as the largest single highway construction contract in U.S. history, the ATMS equipment within the area’s infrastructure costs about $70 million (US). "It should be noted that only a small portion of this amount was within the reconstruction area of I-15 itself," said Mike Holling, vice president of TransCore, UDOT’s ATMS systems manager. " Funded by a combination of state and federal funds, the total cost of the I-15 reconstruction plan is $1.318 billion. Seven public agencies provided funding for the CommuterLink project. These agencies include: UDOT; Salt Lake City; Salt Lake County; the Federal Highway Administration; Utah Transit Authority; Wasatch Front Regional Council; and the Department of Public Safety. Built for a cost of $80 million, of which nearly 25% was federal aid funds, the TOC functions 18 hours a day, 7-days a week with two operators on duty.
Several years later the system is described as (note the cost savings!):
A recent advanced transportation management system (ATMS) evaluation identified the benefits that Utah’s Salt Lake Valley system is providing. The study quantified the value that each individual ATMS component provides based on delay, safety and emissions. These individual components included: ramp meter, CCTV, variable message signs (VMS), incident management teams (IMT) and traffic-signal coordination. In the Salt Lake Valley, there are over 900 traffic signals. The system communicates via fiber optics to more than 600 traffic signals, communicating through the three regional transportation operation centers (TOCs). The fiber system cost over $51 million to install, almost half the entire ATMS system costs. The estimated annual ATMS benefit is $179 million. The traffic-signal coordination effort accounts for 87% of the system-wide social benefit. (Link)
Fletcher also mentions the San Antonio system (live data) it comprises of:
The TransGuide system has expanded to include over 140 cameras, 150 Dynamic Message Signs, 150 Lane Control signal Systems, and over 1000 traffic sensors. The communication network is comprised of a fiber optic cable network stretching over 100 miles with over 120 fiber network communication cabinets. (Link)
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AIRA by Aimetis and the Limitations of Human Monitoring
Aimetis :: AIRA Home:
Another firm selling smart cameras. This one is from Canada. It does have nice page on the limitations of conventional video monitoring:
No matter how highly trained or how dedicated a human observer, it is impossible to provide full attention to more than one or two things at a time; and even then, only for a few minutes at a time. A Harvard University study concluded that humans are surprisingly unaware of the details of their environment, and often do not detect large changes to objects or scenes (‘change blindness’). Furthermore, without attention, humans may not even perceive objects (‘inattentional blindness’). The Harvard experiment results showed that 50% of people counting the passes made between two basketball teams will not notice a gorilla walk into the middle of the viewing area, beat its chest, and walk out. In another study, military experiments demonstrated that after 12 minutes of continuous viewing of 2 or more sequencing monitors, an operator will miss up to 45% of all scene activity. After approximately 22 minutes, an operator will miss up to 95% of scene activity. The conclusion is clear - humans do not reliably detect security threats, whether watching live video or reviewing archived data, resulting in false conclusions that nothing occurred when, in fact, something did (referred to as ‘false negatives’).
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May 05, 2005
Smart Cameras at Johns Hopkins
Johns Hopkins Gazette:
John Hopkins is using smart cameras. The system is designed and operated by iXP Corp. It is not clear what software they are using. I am also curious how effective it is. The story recites the familiar promise of smart cameras:
Using computer-driven cameras, the "smart CCTV" system quickly recognizes potential problems, from a student who has fallen and needs assistance to someone trying to break into a locked building. Real-time images of people who may be causing problems appear on computer monitors, framed with a yellow rectangle to alert system operators. The operators then determine whether to dispatch a nearby security officer to the scene.
The system can be programmed to look for as many as 16 behavior patterns and to assign them a priority score for operator follow-up, depending on factors such as the time of day when the behavior occurs. In addition to its "smart" capability, the system is monitored like conventional security camera systems, with operators checking what is happening in each camera's field of view on a rotating basis. The feeds from each camera are recorded and, if needed for later analysis or for use as evidence, can be preserved.
The first cameras have been operational since late March. There are currently 24 in service, with a total of
32 anticipated to be up and running within a few weeks.
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Radiation Sensors & Cameras
From IHT, a story about using radiation sensors and cameras together:
The man carrying the hidden radioactive material passed among airline passengers at Sheremetyevo Airport on an afternoon this year. His briefcase holding the contraband was indistinguishable from anyone else's carry-on. Then, as he approached the check-in counter, lights flashed and an alarm sounded. A mounted video camera captured the man's image. Guards seized the briefcase and took it to a lead-lined booth for inspection.
Officials in the two countries hope the program, called Second Line of Defense, will complement security measures at former Soviet nuclear storage sites by providing a means to detect material that is already loose or that in the future makes it to the wrong side of the fences. Its principal tools are banks of sensors now visible at airports and borders in Russia near luggage inspection points. The United States has spent about $35 million on the program in Russia since 1998.
Nikolai Kravchenko, chief of Russia's Service for Customs Control of Nuclear Materials and Radioactive Sources, said the sensors recorded 14,000 "hits" last year. Of those, about 200 involved cases of possible smuggling, including people who apparently had material but did not realize it. In some cases people carried money that had become irradiated, military collectors carried aviation dials and other lightly radioactive souvenirs and women wore radioactive jewelry.
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Riding Along with ANPR
From Welwyn & Hatfield Times Link:
A story following how ANPR technology is used:
A Hertfordshire police road intercept team was using an Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) camera to stop law-breaking motorists on the A1000 by Hatfield House. And as the WHT chatted to sergeant Greg O'Toole in his team's prototype ANPR vehicle, the state-of-the-art equipment suddenly alerted us to a motorist who was driving while disqualified. The incident illustrated perfectly the advantages of using the revolutionary cameras, according to Sgt O'Toole."We would never normally have stopped that vehicle," he said. "We get 20 to 30 incidents like that a day and around 100 a day in total." Some of the information is low level but some is of great interest. We had a couple of chases last week."
As the WHT reported on April 6 the innovative equipment works by checking the number plates of passing vehicles against police and DVLA databases and could soon be used on all police cars.The cross-checks also allow the team to see if there is a crime associated with a vehicle, according to Sgt O'Toole. "Fifty per cent of all arrests are for a priority crime offence like burglary, theft, robbery and drug offences." In just three hours on the A1000 Sgt O'Toole's team stopped 50 cars and four were towed away.
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May 04, 2005
Requiring Surveillance in Pharmacies
From SecurityInfoWatch.com:
Louisiana state Senator James David Cain is pushing for adoption of Senate Bill 24, which would help to control access to the common cold and sinus medications used in the illicit production of crystal meth. . . . The bill would also require that pharmacies use a surveillance camera pointed at the cold/sinus medications area to record fo 15 days. The bill gives an option around the camera footage, in which case the pharmacist would need to get ID from the buyer, have the person sign a form, and record the name of the consumer and their age and how much they purchased.
A similar bill recently passed in Hawaii legislature that would limit purchases to three packages and would require that cold medicines be kept in a position viewable by a pharmacist or sales clear, or a surveillance camera.
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May 03, 2005
ActiveEye
ActiveEye web site:
Active Alert™, our flagship product, is the only solution in the industry that can simultaneously track and classify multiple people, vehicles, and objects in normal crowd densities.
ActivEye’s founders have over 50 patents granted and pending, and have worked together as a team for seven years creating state-of-the-art CCTV products utilizing artificial intelligence and computer vision.
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Public Eye on Urban Eye
Public Eye blog covers the creation of Urban Eye, which is a European research project for studying the social implications of video surveillance. There are several reports available. For news coverage see DW-World Link
FYI - The excellent Public Eye blog is run by Peter Quintas who sells TrueSentry, an advanced network-based digital video surveillance system that provides intelligent threat detection and response tools.
Posted by rshah at 11:35 PM | Comments (1) | TrackBack
ADT and VistaScape at Logan International Airport
ADT Security Services Inc., a unit of Tyco Fire & Security, today announced it was awarded the contract to provide a video intrusion detection and reporting system at Boston's Logan International Airport and other properties operated by the Massachusetts Port Authority (Massport). The system will help monitor Massport's waterfront perimeter. The contract calls for the installation of sensor devices to detect perimeter movement, automated surveillance software from Atlanta-based VistaScape Security Systems, a wireless network and continuing system maintenance.
Work on the project will begin immediately. The system to be installed by ADT is capable of detecting intruders at night and during poor weather conditions. The detection devices will be integrated with VistaScape's SiteIQ(TM) automated surveillance software, which will automatically trigger an audible alarm when violations of security rules, such as movement in restricted areas, are detected. The automated surveillance software provides full-time monitoring of incoming video signals, improving the performance of on-site security personnel and permitting them to extend their coverage to other areas of concern.The completed system will also feature a wireless network that can give Massport security staff firewalled, secure command and control capabilities through a wireless, Web-enabled remote management system.
Update from Times Argus:
Advanced tech is already a major element in Logan's strategy. Last week, Massport finalized plans to install infrared cameras to keep watch day and night over the facility. The highly automated cameras will be directed by software provided by VistaScape Security Systems of Atlanta. They will be able to track intruders and relay their location instantly to hand-held computers carried by state troopers, said Dennis Treece, chief of corporate security at Massport.
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May 02, 2005
More Cities Deploy Camera Surveillance Systems with Federal Grant Money
From EPIC Spotlight on Surveillance:
Short article pointing out the role of federal grant money in funding surveillance technology in many cities. Not much new, but a good introduction to this issue.
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